Several fan coils/terminal units with individual room controlĭanfoss offers a new and innovative solution to the challenges in a Shell & Core HVAC system.Pressure Independent Balancing and Control Valve (PIBCV).Differential Pressure Control Valve (DPCV).When there is only one fan coil the differential pressure and flow can be controlled with a Pressure Independent Balancing and Control Valve (PIBCV), with the impulse tube connected to the return pipe. Selecting the correct differential pressure controller is a challenge, as the designer does not know how the design of each individual zone will be.įor zones with several fan coils/terminal units, the flow and pressure need to be controlled with a Differential Pressure Control Valve (DPCV), connected to the flow pipe with an impulse tube. The building owner needs to install a differential pressure controller in the return pipe from each zone to ensure the best performance and minimize the complaints of the HVAC system. Several fan coils/terminal units with individual room controllers.Hydronic balancing in Shell and Core buildingsīecause the HVAC design of each rented space Core is made by the tenant, and the building owner is not involved in the final design, there can be several principle designs. In some buildings no zone balancing valves are installed while in others only manual balancing valves are dividing the zones. The main cause of an unreliable or inefficient HVAC system is the lack of proper hydronic balance. Yet, this will only lead to higher energy costs and not adequately solve the problems as the conditions in the HVAC system are changing constantly. They might adjust the manual balancing valve settings, install a larger pump or adjust the water temperature. TroubleshootingĬurrently the only solution to solve all the tenant’s complaints is to involve, mostly expensive, service technicians to do troubleshooting. In practice this is seldom the case though. The split responsibilities for the single Shell and many connected Core HVAC systems requires detailed alignment. With the large number of tenants, renting a part of the buildings’ space and making their own designs, the complexity of the HVAC system grows uncontrollable, causing many complaints about poor comfort and a bad working environment. Besides this, the system frequently ends up being over-dimensioned where some zones will get too little flow, while others starve the system. This often results in delays in the handover of the spaces to their renters due to a very complicated commissioning and re-commissioning process. The building owners often have challenges with designing the Shell HVAC system as they don’t know what will be in each individual shop or office. The second stage is the construction of the “Core”, with the completion of the individual zones (mostly shops or offices) according the tenants requirements. This is achieved according the building owners design. The first stage is construction of the “Shell”. Shell and core buildings, and their HVAC systems, are typically constructed in two stages.
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